What can improve cardiovascular endurance?

Long-duration aerobic activities significantly improve cardiovascular endurance by engaging the cardiovascular system over an extended period. This type of exercise strengthens the heart muscle, enhances lung capacity, and increases the efficiency of the body's ability to transport oxygen to muscles. Through steady-state activities such as running, cycling, swimming, or brisk walking, individuals can elevate their heart rates and maintain them in a target zone that promotes endurance adaptations. These activities lead to physiological changes including increased stroke volume, reduced resting heart rate, and improved metabolic efficiency.

In contrast, weight training primarily focuses on building muscular strength and mass rather than endurance, while short-duration, high-intensity workouts tend to improve anaerobic capacity and metabolic conditioning. Static stretching is primarily used for flexibility and does not contribute to enhancing cardiovascular endurance. Therefore, the option highlighting long-duration aerobic activities is the most effective choice for developing cardiovascular endurance.